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Pěstování vybraných druhů rostlin pro energetické využití
ŠVEC, Miroslav
This diploma thesis on the topic "Cultivation of selected plant species for energy use" in the first chapters of the theoretical part deals with Czech and world energy. The chapters on renewable energy sources and the possibilities of using biomass for plants for energy purposes follow. The research also deals with grasslands as alternative energy sources with a focus on direct burning. The last chapters of the research are focused on the cultivation of selected energy crops, such as the Elymus elongatus grass (subspecies Ponticus, Szarvasi-1) and Miscanthus × giganteus. The practical part describes the establishment, nursing and harvesting of small-scale experiments of Szarvasi-1 grass and Miscanthus × giganteus grass varieties, which were cultivated on the premises of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice and were grown as energy crops for direct incineration. Experiments with the Szarvas-1 cultivation took place in three types of farming. The first variation was the so-called "extensive" form where the plants were not fertilized with any fertilizer. The second form of farming was the "intensive" variant, in which the fertilizer was fertilized with mineral fertilizers. The last variant labeled "digestate" was fertilized with organic fertilizer. Maloparcelian experiments with Miscanthus × giganteus were carried out only in one variation of cultivation than Szarvasi-1, "intensive". For both varieties of energy crops harvested in spring 2013 and for all cultivation variants, the yield potentials from the last five years of vegetation of these cultures were evaluated after a six-year vegetation period. The evaluated parameters were in particular the yields of fresh matter and dry matter in t ha-1, but also the average solids content in %. These results were recorded and compared with specialist literature. The results of the work show that Miscanthus × giganteus yields on average higher yields than Szarvasi-1, which surprisingly best responds to organic fertilizer fertilization.
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